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Oct. 28, 1958 Original Filed March 4, 1953 D. H. REEVES TENS TRANSFERMECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK In H 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 TOTALITEM 53 sa sg INVENTOR.

BMJX IDQMM/ Oct. 28, 1958 D. H. REEVES 2,858,074

TENS TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK OriginalFiled March 4, 1953 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Oct. 28, 1958 D. H. REEVES 2,858,074

TENS TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK OriginalFiled March 4, 1953 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 I NVENTOR. WW

fl- 1953. D. H. REEVES 2,858,074

TENS TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK Original Filed March 4, 1953 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 20a 1 512 m 20a 163 i L a 178 136 17,89 136 191 {62 I93 g 19s I 1% 172- 173 195 \NVENTOR.

Oct. 28, 1958 Original Filed March 4, 1953 D H. REEVES 2,858,074

TENS TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK 9Sheets-Sheet 5 n 213 231 -55. a2; a x m 74 222 5- 225 'l '04 v 40 224 9INVENTOR.

wwww Oct. 28, 1958 D. H. REEVES, 2,853,074

TENS TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK OriginalFiled March 4, 1953 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 & v r wr rv INVENTOR.

- Oct. 28, 1958 TENS TRANSFE D H.REEVES MECHANISM WITH TRANSFERCOMPLETION INTERLOCK OriginaI Filed March 4, 1953 1% :4 64 n g r! 4 E 9Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR.

0 28, 1958 E H. REEVES 2,858,074 4 TENS TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFERCOMPLETION INTERLOCK Original Filgad March 4, 1953 9 Sheets-Sheet 8INVENTOR.

QM/ X Oct. 28, 1958 D. H. REEVES 2,858,074

TEN'S TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK OriginalFiled March 4, 1953 e Sheets-Sheet 9 505 7 G8 I]. 299 202 I l/I 45+ a ITENS TRANSFER MECHANISM WITH TRANSFER COMPLETION INTERLOCK Donald H.Reeves, Muskegon, Mich.

Substituted for abandoned application Serial No. 340,254, March 4, 1953.This application August 20, 1956, Serial No. 605,184

19 Claims. (Cl. 235-133) This invention relates to a computing machineand more particularly to a machine for the purpose of adding andsubtracting.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending applicationSerial No. 318,813, filed November 5, 1952, for Adding and SubtractingMachine and a substitute for my copending application Serial No.340,254, now abandoned, filed March 4, 1953, for Tens Transfer MechanismIncluding Interlocking Features To Prevent Totalizer Disengagement Priorto Completion of the Transfer.

Adding and subtracting machines now in common use are of such size andweight that they cannot conveniently be manually transported from oneplace to another nor can they generally be stored in a desk drawer orother such space of limited capacity, but must generally be kept on topof a desk or table when not in use. Present machines are also of suchcost as to make them impractical for a large number of people who havelimited use therefor. Substitutes for these large, heavy and costlymachines have been designed and sold, but these machines generally areof such a nature as to be slow in operation and in other waysunsatisfactory. Key operated machines now in common use costconsiderably more if they are made to both add and subtract than if theyonly add.

This invention embodies a computing machine of unusually small size andlight weight which can be easily carried and can be stored in a verysmall space. It both adds and subtracts. A set of numeral wheels showsthe amount which has been entered for adding or subtracting. A secondset of wheels shows the total. If an incorrect amount has been entered,it can be cleared from the machine without changing the total. Alloperations are performed by vertically depressing keys, including theentering of amounts to be added or subtracted, th'e adding orsubtracting of these amounts on the total, the clearing of erroneouslyentered amounts and the clearing of the total. All required power isprovided by the depressing of keys. manipulation might require theholding of the machine. interlocks and other means assure correctresultsand prevent misoperation by the operator.

An object of this invention is to provide a ten-key type of adding andsubtracting machine in small size and light weight.

Another object of this invention is to provide an adding and subtractingmachine of low cost which includes provisions to prevent malfunctioningof the machine or improper operation by the operator.

The above objects of this invention are the same as for the abovementioned copending application, Serial No. 318,813. An additionalobject of this invention is to improve the mechanism disclosed 'm saidcopending' There are no cranks, levers or slides whose nited StatesPatent 2,858,074 Patented Oct. 28, 1958 'ice General description ofmachine Having thus described the broad objects of my invention, I willnow describe one form of such mechanism which will accomplish thedesired addition and subtraction.

In this disclosure of my invention, I have elected to describe a machinewhich can add or subtract on each operation a number with as many as sixdigits, or 999,999 (or $9,999.99), while the totalizer has a capacity ofseven digits, or 9,999,999 (or $99,999.99). It is to be understood thatmy invention is not limited to this number of digits in either theamount to be added or subtracted or in the capacity of the totalizer,but that either of these capacities can be increased or decreased as maybe desired;

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of the preferredembodiment of the elected machine, showing the arrangement of thekeyboard and the positions of the Item and Total indicators.

Figure 2 is a top view of the same machine with the cover removed.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken approximately along the line33 as shown in Figure 2, showing the right side of the machine.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken approximately along line 44as shown in Figure 2, showing many of the parts involved in adding orsubtracting any desired number within the limits of the machine.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the rack actuator, somewhat enlarged.

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view taken approximately along line 6 6as shown in Figure 2, showing details of construction of some of thekeys and of certain adjacent'parts.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of one of the amount.

Figure 11 shows a top view of the transversely movable rack carriage.

Figure 12 shows a side view of this same rack carriage.

Figure 13 shows a horizontal sectional View of the machine approximatelyalong line 1313, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 14 shows some of the parts shown in Figure 13 when one of theamount keys has been depressed part Way and shows one stage of theshifting of the rack carriage.

Figure 15 shows approximately the same parts asare shown in Figure 14,after the rack carriage has been shifted one space to'the left.

Figure 16 is a vertical cross section along line 16-16, as shown inFigure 13, and shows the method of mounting some of the rollers thatcarry the rack actuator and the key lockout.

Figure 17 shows one of the adding racks in position to add 6 and thetotalizer engaged ready for adding.

Figure 18 shows the parts used for controlling the transfer and theirpositions when no transfer is required.

Figure 19 shows the same parts as are shown in Figure 18 with someadditional parts and shows the transfer controlling parts in position tocause a transfer.

Figure 20 shows certain of the parts shown in Figure 19 when the rackhas moved to effect a transfer.

Figure 21 is a side view of the adding cam, the keys which control itand the parts controlled by it when the key is in its uppermostposition.

Figure 22 shows the same parts which are shown in Figure 21, but showstheir positions when the is fully depressed.

Figure 23 shows the feeler and its position relative to the totalizeridler gears, with the positions of the racks and the rack detents on therack carriage also shown, without attempting to show the exact forms ofthe idler gears, racks or rack detents.

Figure 24 shows the rack carriage latch held out of engagement with therack carriage.

Figure 25 shows a side view of the key lockout member and the positionsof the amount keys in relation thereto.

Figure 26 shows a top view of that portion of the totalizer assemblywhich contains the totalizer wheels, idler gears and transfer pawls.

Figure 27 is a vertical sectional view approximately along the line 2727as shown in Figure 2 and shows the parts used in connection with theClear key and the Error key.

Figure 28 shows the positions of the parts used in connection with theClear key when the Clear key is depressed about 80% of its total travel.

Figure 29 shows certain of the parts shown in Figure 28, when the Clearkey is fully depressed.

Figure 30 shows a totalizer wheel and associated parts during one stepof the clearing operation.

Figure 31 shows the same parts as are shown in Fig ure 30 during anotherstep in the clearing operation.

Figure 32 shows the right end of the transfer pawl stop and its relationto the totalizer shifting member.

Figure 33 shows a modification of certain of the parts used foreffecting a transfer, these parts being in the positions in which theywill be when the totalizer is engaged with the adding racks but notransfer has taken place.

Figure 34 shows the same parts that are shown in Figure 33 but with theparts moved to the positions that they occulpy when the transfer cam ismoving the transfer paw Figure 35 shows the same parts that are shown inFigure 34 after the transfer has been completed.

External parts In the drawings, as clearly seen in Figures 1 and 2,reference characters 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58 and 59 designateten amount keys by means of which digitary amounts from 0 to 9respectively are entered into the machine for either adding orsubtracting. 60 is an adding, or key, 61 is a subtracting, or key, 62 isan Error key and 63 is a Clear key.

A case 64 covers the mechanism, having openings in its top through whichthe various keys project and also two openings 65 and 66 which exposerespectively numeral bearing wheels 67 which show the amount entered bythe amount keys and numeral bearing or totalizer wheels 68 which showthe amount that has been accumulated on the totalizer.

Operating the machine If the amount 123,456 (or $1,234.56) is tobeentered in the machine for adding or subtracting, the operator does soby successively depressing to their full extent and then releasing theamount keys 51, 52, 53, 54, and 56. When the first amount key, in thiscase key 51, has been depressed and released, the amount 1 will show inthe opening 65. After the second amount key has been depressed andreleased, in this case key 52, the amount 12 will show in the opening65. In like manner, as each amount key is depressed and released, thatnumber which that key represents will appear in the opening 65 so thatwhen keys 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 and 56 have been successively depressed andreleased, the amount 123,456 (or $1,234.56) will appear in this openingas shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows an amount of 1,234,567 (or$12,345.67) on the wheels 68, indicating that this amount has beenaccumulated in the totalizer up to this time.

After the amount to be added or subtracted has been entered in themachine as described above, any one of three operations can follow. Ifthe amount entered is to be added, the adding or key is depressed. Thiscauses the amount that has been entered to be added to the amountalready accumulated in the totalizer, so that the wheels 68 will nowshow an amount of 1,358,023, at the same time eliminating the amountshown in opening so that this is now blank, and leaving the mechanismready for the next operation. If the amount entered is to be subtracted,the subtracting or key 61 is depressed. The adding key 60 will lowerwhen the subtracting key 61 is depressed, so it is permissible when itis desired to subtract to depress both keys simultaneously. This causesthe amount that has been entered to be subtracted from the amountalready accumulated in the totalizer, so that the wheels 68 will show1,111,111 if the totalizer wheels previously showed 1,234,567. At thesame time the amount showing in the opening 65 is eliminated so that itis now blank and the mechanism is left ready for the next operation. Ifthe amount entered is found to be incorrect so that the operator doesnot wish to either add or subtract it on the totalizer, the Error key 62is depressed. This causes the amount that has been entered to beeliminated from the opening 65, without in any way affecting thetotalizer, and leaves the mechanism ready for the next operation.

After all the desired amounts have been entered and either added orsubtracted as described above, the totalizer wheels 68 will show thefinal result. To return the totalizer wheels 68 to zero, the operatordepresses the Clear key 63, which leaves the machine ready to start thenext problem in addition or subtraction.

Principles used in adding and subtracting Adding is accomplished in thismachine by the following steps:

(1) A rack is positioned by means of one of the amount keys, being movedthe distance of one gear tooth if the 1 key is pressed, two if the 2 keyis pressed, etc. The rack is held by a latch in the position to which ithas been moved, against the action of a spring which tends to return itto its original position.

(2) The positioned rack is shifted to the left and a second rack ispositioned in,the same way as was the first one, provided the number tobe added has more than one digit. This is repeated until as many rackshave been positioned as there are digits in the number to be added. Incase the 0 key is depressed, the rack then in position for moving is notmoved but is left in its original position and is shifted to the left.

(3) Idler gears which are constantly in mesh with gears on theindicating wheels of the totalizer are caused to mesh with the racksdescribed above, after which they are released from a locking bar whichprevents these gears and the indicating wheels from turning when theyare not in mesh with the racks.

I (4) The latches which hold the racks in the positions to which theyhave been moved by the amount keys are released and the racks return totheir original positions under the influence of their springs.

(5) If any totalizer indicating wheel has passed from 9 to 0, a detenton the rack of the next higher order is released, allowing that rack tomove one additional space.

(6) After all racks have returned to their original positions or onespace beyond if a transfer has been made as described in (5), thetotalizer idler gears are locked in position and then disengaged fromthe racks.

(7) Any racks that have moved an extra space to efiect'a transfer arereturned to their original positions.

(8) All racks are shifted back to the right to their original positions.The mechanism is now ready for another number to be entered for addingor subtracting.

Subtracting is accomplished in this machine by the following steps:

(1) A rack is positioned by one of the amount keys exactly the same aswhen adding, as described above. This rack in turn revolves a gearsituated beside the rack, moving the gear one tooth space if the rack ismoved one tooth space, two tooth spaces if the rack is moved two toothspaces, etc. Each of the racks has such a gear moved by the rack.

(2) Same as for adding.

(3) The entire totalizer with its idler gears is shifted against theaction of a spring so that the idler gears are over the gears describedin (1) instead of being over the racks.

(4) The totalizer idler gears are caused to mesh with the gearsdescribed in (1), after which they are released from the locking bar.

(5) The latches which hold the racks in the positions to which they havebeen moved by the amount keys are released and the racks return to theiroriginal positions under the influence of their springs, at the sametime turning the gears described in (1) to their original positions.

(6) If a totalizer indicating wheel has passed from 0 to 9, the stop onthe rack of the next higher order is released, allowing the rack and thegear described in (1) to move one extra space, thereby moving the wheelof the next higher order one extra space.

(7) After all racks have returned to their original positions or onespace beyond if a transfer has been made as described in (6), thetotalizer idler gears are locked in position and then disengaged fromthe gears described in (l).

(8) The same as (7) in adding.

(9) All racks are shifted back to the right to their original positionsand the totalizer is allowed to return under the action of its spring toits original position so that the idler gears are over the racks.

A comparison of the steps used in adding with those used in subtractingwill show that they are identical excepting that the totaliZer idlergears are actuated by the rack driven gears instead of by the racksthemselves, thereby rotating the totalizer wheels in the oppositedirection, and that this difference is accomplished by simply shiftingthe totalizer so that its idler gears are over the rack driven gearsinstead of being over the racks. Since the rack driven gears are alwaysin mesh with the racks and are therefore always moved when the racks aremoved, there is no diiference in the operation while the racks are beingpositioned by means of the amount keys since the shifting of thetotalizer, in case subtracting is desired, takes place after this.

If, due to an error in entering the amount or for any other reason, theoperator does not wish an entered amount to be added to or subtractedfrom the amount already in the totalizer, this entered amount can beeliminated without aifecting the totalizer by depressing the Error key,which returns any amount racks that have been moved, to their originalpositions and shifts all of the racks to the right until they are intheir original positions, The machine is now in the same condition as it.was in before the last amount was en ered by means of the amount keys.I

Having thus described the principles used in adding and subtracting withthis machine, I will now describe the mechanism and how these principlesare applied.

The keyboard mechanism:

Figure 6, which is a vertical sectional view through the amount keys 51,52 and 53 and through the key 60 and the Error key 62, best shows howthese keys are supported and guided. There are five U-shaped supportmembers 71, 72, 73, 74 and 75 attached to a base plate 76 by suitablemeans such as screws 77. These support members 71, 72, 73, 74 and 75have aligned slots in their vertical portions, such as slots 78 and 79in the support member 72, as shown in Figure 6. Each key has sectionsprojecting from each side, such as a projection 80 on the amount key 51as best shown in Figure 7, of such size and shape as to closely guidethe movement of the key when these projections are positioned in theslots such as 78 and 79. The top surface of these projections, such as81, make contact with the under side of the case 64 when the keys are intheir uppermost positions and serve to limit the upward movement of thekeys. To make possible the application and removal of the desired formof the case 64, as best seen in Figure 8 the 0 key is made of threepieces, including two upright pieces 82 and 83 and a bridging member 84secured to the two upright pieces by screws 85. The upright pieces 82and 83 have guiding projections 86 of similar construction to theprojection 80 shown on the amount key 51.

Each of the amount keys 51 to 59 inclusive and each of the uprightpieces 82 and 83 of the 0 key has projecting through it and securelyfastened thereto a pin, such as pin 87 in key 51. On each of these pinsis rotatably mounted a roller, such as the roller 88 on pin 87. Each ofthe amount keys 51 to 59 inclusive, the uprights 82 and 83 of the 0 key,and the key 61 are hollow and on the interior of each is a spring 89which tends to keep each key in its uppermost position. The keys otherthan the amount keys and the key do not have such springs, as they aremoved upward by other means which will be described later.

The key 60 has two pins 90 and 91, best shown in Figures 3 and 21, andthe key 61 has one pin 92, best shown in Figure 21, all of which haverollers rotatably mounted thereon, these rollers being respectively 93,94 and 95. The Clear key 63 also has a similar pin 96 on which isrotatably mounted a roller 97. There is also a pin 98 in the Error key62, but there is no roller on this pin.

A rack actuator 101, whose general form is best shown in Figure 5, hasthree parallel, vertically disposed members 102, 103 and 104. Thevarious parts of which this rack actuator 101 is composed are rigidlyand permanently secured together, as by welding. The vertically disposedmembers 102 and 104 each have two horizontal slots 105, in which arelocated rollers, such as 106 shown in Figure 16, rotatably mounted onpins, such as 107, carried by the key support members 72 and 74 in amanner as best seen in Figure 13. The rollers which engage the slots inthe vertically disposed member 102 are mounted on pins 109 and 110 whichare carried by the key support member 72, while the rollers that engagethe slots in the vertically disposed member 104 are mounted on the pins107 and 108, which are carried by the key support member 74. With thismounting, the rack actuator can move freely forward and backward unlessotherwise restrained. It is normally kept forward by a spring 121, shownin Figure 2. I

As best seen in Figures 2,4 and 5, the rack actuator 101 has nine slots111 to 119 inclusive with various degrees of slope and two slots 120which are vertical. The

roller 88 attached to the "1 key 51 engages slot 111, while roller 122,attached to the 2 key 52, engages slot 112; roller 123, attached to the3 key 53, engages slot 113; roller 124, attached to the 4 key 54,engages slot 114; roller 125, attached to the 5 key 55, engages slot115; roller 126, attached to the 6 key 56, engages slot 116; roller 127,attached to the 7 key 57, engages slot 117; roller 128, attached to the8 key 58, engages slot 118; and roller 129, attached to the 9 key 59,engages slot 119. The two rollers 130, attached to the two uprightmembers 82 and 83 of the 0 key 50, engage the two slots 120. The slot111 has sufficient slope so that the vertically downward movement of theroller 88 will move the rack actuator 101 to the rear a distance equalto the space of one gear tooth on one of the rack members 131 to 136shown in Figure 23 to be described later, plus approximately half ofsuch a space, or a total of approximately 1% tooth spaces. In likemanner, the roller 122, when moved vertically downward, will cause therack actuator to move approximately 2 /2 tooth spaces, the roller 123will cause a movement of approximately 3 /2 tooth spaces, etc., to thepoint where the roller 129 will cause a movement of approximately 9 /2tooth spaces. The reason for these amounts of movement will be apparentas the description proceeds.

A multi-purpose key lockout and actuating member 137 is best shown inits general form in Figure 10. This key lockout member has three mainvertically disposed portions 138, 139 and 140 and also two smallerportions 141 and 142, all of which are permanently secured together, asby welding. Like the rack actuator 101, the key lockout member 137 hasslots 143 which engage rollers 144 which are also mounted on the pins107, 108, 189 and 110. There is also an additional slot 145 whichengages a roller 146 to support the end of the portion 139, the roller146 being mounted on a pin 147 which is carried by the key supportmember 73. Thus, like the key actuator 101, the key lockout member canmove freely forward and backward unless otherwise restrained. It isnormally kept forward by a spring 153, shown in Figure 13.

The key lockout member 137 shown in Figure has nine identical slots 148and two sloping surfaces 149. Each of the amount keys 51 to 59 inclusivehas a portion of its pin, such as 87 of the key 51, which engages one ofthe slots 148. In the case of pin 87, as well as the pins in keys 53,54, 56, 57 and 59, the pin extends out of the side of the key oppositeto the side on which the roller is located, such as the projection 150of the pin 87 in key 51, and these pin projections engage the slots 148in the key lockout member 137 if any one of these keys is depressed. Thevertically disposed portion 139 of the key lockout member 137 is on thesame side of the amount keys 52, and 58, as is the vertically disposedmember 103 of the rack actuator 101, so

with each of these three amount keys, a portion of the pin between theroller and the key, such as 151 on the key 52, shown in Figure 6,engages the corresponding slot 148 in the key lockout 137. Two pins 152also project beyond the upright members 82 and 83 of the 0 key 50 andengage the sloping surfaces 149 on the vertically disposed portions 138and 140. With this arrangement of pins in the various amount keys andtheir relation to the slots 148 or sloping surfaces 149, it is apparentthat the depressing of any amount key will cause the key lockout member137 to move rearward and the complete depression of any amount key willcause the same amount of movement of the key lockout member.

The smaller portion 141 of the key lockout member 137 has a slot 154therein. This engages the end of the pin 96 in the Clear key 63 so thatthe depressing of the Clear key will cause the key lockout member 137 tomove to the rear, but because of the form of the slot 154, this movementwill not be as great as when one of the amount keys is depressed.Likewise, the

smaller portion 142 ofthe key lockout member 137 has a slot 155. The pinin the key 60 engages the slot 155 so that the depressing of the keycauses the key lockout member to move to the rear, but because of theform of the slot 155, this movement will not be as great as when one ofthe amount keys is depressed, but will be the same as when the Clear keyis depressed.

The key lockout member 137 has several horizontal surfaces 156. When anyone of the amount keys 50 to 59 inclusive, or the key 60 or the Clearkey 63 is depressed, thereby moving the key lockout member to the rear,one of these surfaces 156 will move under the pin of each of the aboveenumerated keys that has not been depressed, thereby preventing thedepressing of any of these other keys so that saidother keys are lockedout. Since the depressing of the key 61 causes the key 60 also to lower,the locking out of the. key also automatically locks out the key. Thusthe depressing of any key excepting the Error key 62 locks out all theother keys excepting the Error key. The Error key is omitted from thislocking arrangement since it is sometimes necessary to depress the Errorkey when one of the other keys is depressed, as will be described later.

The rack carriage A rack carriage assembly is shown in Figures 11 and12, including a supporting structure in which 160 is a mounting platewhich extends up one side'of the rack carriage assembly, across thebottom as shown at 161 and which ha a vertically extending portion 162on the other side of the rack carriage assembly to which a secondmounting plate 163 is secured by means of a screw 164 and which ismaintained in proper relation to the first mounting plate 160 by meansof a projection 165 in the plate 163 which enters a corresponding holein the vertically ex tending portion 162 of the mounting plate 169. Theentire rack carriage assembly is slidably mounted on rods 166, 167 and168, these three rods being stationarily held in position by two sideplates 169 and 170 which are secured to the base plate 76 by means ofscrews 171. The rod 166 extends through a hole 172 as shown in Figure 12and a corresponding hole in the other vertically extending portion ofthe mounting plate 160. The rod 167 extends through one hole only in therack carriage mounting plate located at 173. The rod 168 engages twoslots 174, one of which is in the mounting plate 163 as shown in Figure12 and the other in line with it in the mounting plate 160.

Two rack mounting rods 176 and 177 are secured to the mounting plate 161and project through suitable close fitting opening in the mounting plate163. The end of the mounting rod 177, which projects through themounting plate 163, is threaded and a nut 178 maintains the mountingplate 163 in proper relation to the rods 177 and to other parts of therack carriage assembly.

There are six adding racks (when the machine has a capacity of sixdigits to be added or subtracted) 131 to 136 inclusive, slidably mountedon the rods 176 and 177, which extend through slots 179 in the addingracks. There are also seven longitudinally moving reset rack members(when the totalizer capacity is seven digits) 181 to 187 inclusive, alsoslidably mounted on the rods 176 and 177 in the same manner as are theadding racks 131 to 136 inclusive. Each of the adding racks 131 to 136and each of the reset racks 181 to 187 has attached thereto an auxiliaryrack 188 which meshes with a gear 189, this gear being rotatably mountedon the rod 177. Each of the adding racks 131 to 136 inclusive has gearteeth along the greater part of its upper edge as shown at 190, thesebeing of the same size as those on the auxiliary racks 188, and also anotched portion 191 whose notches have the same spacing as the gearteeth on the racks 131 to 136 and on the auxiliary racks 188. Sixlatches or holding means 192 are mounted on a rod 193 which is securedbetween the mounting plates 168 and 163. Each 9 of these latches 192engages the notched portion 191 ;of.'one of .the adding racks 131 to 136 and has an up wardly extending portion 19- to which is attached oneend'of a spring 195, the other end of this spring being attached to themounting rod 176. This spring tends to keep the latch 192 in contactwith the notched portion 191 of the adding rack.

Each of the adding racks 131 to 136 inclusive and each of the resetracks 181 to 187 inclusive has a downwardly extending portion 196 towhich is attached a spring 197, the other end of this spring beingattached to the bottom portion 161 of the mounting plate 160 by means ofa hook 198, these several hooks being integral parts'of said bottomportion 161. These springs 197 tend tokeep their respective racksforward asfar as other conditions will permit. 7

There are six Item indicating wheels 67 rotatably mounted on a rod202which is secured to the mounting plates 160 and 163. Each of thesewheels 67 has around its periphery and equally spaced the numerals '0 to9, as partially shown in Figures 2 and 11. A ten-tooth pinion 203 is anintegral part of each of these wheels 67 and'is in constant mesh withthe gear teeth 1% on one 'ofthe adding racks 131 to 1336 inclusive,being so assembled that when the adding-racks are in their zeropositions, as shown in Figure 4, the O on each wheel will be uppermostso that it can be seen through the opening '65 in the case 64. When oneof the adding racks is moved to the rear 'a distance equal to one toothspace on its rack, the numeral 1 will be uppermost and will be seenthrough the opening 65. Since there are ten equally spaced numbers andten teeth on the pinion 203, each movement of the adding rack by adistance of one tooth space will cause a new numeral to appear in theopening'65.

The reset racks 181 to 187 inclusive serve two purposes. As their nameimplies, they :are used to reset the totalizer to zero in a manner to bedescribed later. They are also used under certain circumstances(excepting reset rack 187) for the transfer, that is,fo-r moving atotalizer wheel an extra space if the wheel of the next lower order haspassed from 9 to if adding or from 0 to 9 if subtracting. While thereset racks 181 to 187 inclusive can be of the same form as the addingracks 131 to 136, a slightly simpler form is usable. This is best shownin Figure 19. It will be noted in comparing this reset rack with anadding rack, such as 131 shown in Figure 17, that'there are .twodifferences. Instead of a row of gear teeth 190 -across nearly theentire top as in the adding rack 131, there are only three teeth 264 onthe top edge of the reset racks. The second difference is that a notch205 that is required in the adding racks is not required in the resetracks.

There are eleven rack detents 206 used in conjunction with the addingracks 131 to 135 inclusive (but not with 136) and with the reset racks181 to 186 inclusive (but not with 187). These rack detents arerotatably mounted on the rod 202 and are normally rotatedcounterclockwise by springs 207 until the detent strikes the rod 176 asshown in Figure 18. The upper ends of the springs 207 are attached to arod 203 which is secured to the two mounting plates 160 and 163. Whenthe rack detents are in this position, transverse hooks 209 thereonengage surfaces 210 on the racks 131 to 135 and 181 to 186,"bothinclusive, to limit the forward travel of these racks.

The two end racks in the rack carriage assembly, which i are the addingrack 136 and the reset rack 187 difier from the other adding and resetracks, inthat the slots 179 in these two racks are shortened so thatthese racks can never move forward beyond the zero positions, the zeropositions being those in which the racks are shown in Figures 4 and 19.These .two racks are never required to travel the extra space beyond thezero position for transferring and have no detents 206 to hold them inthe zero position.

A shield 211, stationarily secured to the mounting plate 160,1servestoclose the opening 65 in the case 64 I Mechanism for shifting the rackmarriage After each of the adding racks 131 to 135 inclusive has beenpositioned by means of the amount keys, the rack carriage assembly mustbe shifted to the left so that the next adding rack will be in theproper location to be positioned by the amount keys. After the amountentered bythe amount keys has been added to or subtracted from thetotalizer, the rack carriage assembly must be returned to the right- Ifthe entire force required to return the carriage to the right wereprovided by the key 60, this would require more pressure to depress thekey than is desirable, so I prefer that this force be partially providedby each of the amount keys as it is depressed, therebydividing the totalforce required into smaller portions which wil not add an undesirableload on any one key. The means for accomplishing this will now bedescribed.

Figure 13, which is a horizontal sectional view showing the lowerportion of the machine, shows the rack carriage in its extreme rightposition, which is its position before an amount to be added orsubtracted is entered by means of the amount keys. Surrounding themounting rod 167 andextending from the stationary side plate 169 to thevertical section 162 of the rack carriage mounting plate is acompression spring 215 which tends to keep the rack carriage to theright and which moves the rack carriage to the right when the rackcarriage is free so to move. Resting on the bottom portion 161 of themounting plate 160 is a notched member 216 having at its two endsvertically extending prongs 217 which engage the front and rear of themounting rod 166, this mounting rod also limiting the upward movement ofthe notched member 216. Thus this notched member 216 is prevented frommoving upward or to the front or rear but is free to slidelongitudinally along the rod 166. Between the vertically extendingprongs 218 at the left end of the notched member 216 and the mountingplate 166 is a compression spring 219 which surrounds the mounting rod166, tending to maintain contact between the prongs 217 at the right endof the notched member 216 and the vertical .portion 162 of the mountingplate 160.

An actuating arm 220 shown in Figures 13 and 14, is pivotally attachedby means of a stud 221 to the key lockout member 137 and is normallyrotated clockwise, as viewed from above, by a torsion spring 222 whichsurrounds the stud 221, has one end engaging adownwardly extending boss223 which is a part of the key lockout member 137 and the other endengaging a downwardly extending portion 224 of the actuating arm 226. Asecond downwardly extending boss 225 of the key lockout member 137limits the clockwise rotation of the actuating arm-220 to the positionshown in Figure 13, in which position an end 226 of the actuating arm220 is free from the notched member 216.

A latch 227 is pivotally attached by means of a stud 228 to the baseplate 76 and is rotated clockwise as viewed from above by a spring 229,one end of which is attached to the latch 227 while the other end isheld stationary by a stud 230 attached to the base plate 76.

An escapement member 231 is pivotally attached by means of a stud 232 tothe base plate 76 and is rotated counterclockwise, as viewed from above,by a spring 233, one end of which is attached to the escapement member.231 and the other end to a clearing camlockout member 234 to bedescribed later. The escapement member 231 has a narrow prong 235 whichcan be bent to adjust the movement of the escapement member and twoextensions 236 and 237 which can alternately engage notches 238 in .thebottom portion'161 of the mounting plate160.

A latch detent 240 is pivotally attached by means of 11 a stud 241 to anadding cam'242 to be described later and is rotated counterclockwise, asviewed from above, .by a torsion spring 243, one end of which engagesthe adding cam at point 244 while the other end engages the detent 240.Counterclockwise rotation of the detent 240 is limited by a heel 245 onthe detent 240 engaging the surface of the adding cam 242. A downwardlyextending arm 246 on the detent extends into the plane of the latch 227but is held out of engagement with the latch when the rack carriage isat its extreme right position, as shown in Figure 13, by the contact ofthe vertical portion 162 of the mounting plate 168 and the edge 247 ofthe detent 240, as shown in Figures 13 and 14. If the rack carriage isaway from its extreme right position, as shown in Figure 15, then thelatch 240 will be rotated about the stud 241 by the spring 243 until thedownwardly extending arm 246 engages the end of the latch 227, as shownin Figure 15. Other'functions of this latch detent will be described inconnection with the description of the adding operation.

When any one of the amount keys 50 to 59 is depressed, the key lockoutmember 137 is moved to the rear, thereby also moving the actuating arm220 to the rear. Early in this movement, the end 226 of the actuatingarm 220 engages one of the notches in the notched member 216. Furthermovement to the rear of the key lockout member 137 causes the actuatingarm 220 to rotate counterclockwise and to cause the notched member 216to move to the left, this movement to the left being slightly more thansufficient to allow the latch 227 to engage the next notch on thenotched member 216 so that when the key lockout member again movesforward, the notched member will remain one notch farther to the leftthan it was before the rearward movement of the key lockout member 137.Figure 14 shows the key lockout member moved to the rear so that theactuating arm 220 has moved the notched member 216 sufficiently so thatthe latch 227 has engaged the next notch to the one originally engaged.Further movement to the rear by the key lockout member 137 causes adownwardly extending boss 248 to engage the prong 235 of the escapementmember 231 and rotate it clockwise, as viewed from above, so that theextension 237 thereon enters the path of movement of the notches 238,after which the extension 236 is removed from the path of travel ofthese notches, thereby allowing the rack carriage assembly to be movedto the left by the spring 219 which exerts more pressure then does thespring 215, until one of the notches 238 engages the extension 237 ofthe escapement member 231. Forward movement of the key lockout member137 allows the escapement member 231 to rotate counterclockwise underthe influence of the spring 233, which causes the extension 236 to enterthe path of travel of the notches 238, after which the extension 237will leave the path of travel of these notches, allowing the rackcarriage assembly to be further moved by the spring 219 to the leftuntil one of the notches 238 engages the extension 236 of the escapementmember 231. The rack carriage has thus been moved one full space to theleft. Movement to the right will be described later in connection withthe use of the key 60 and the Error key 62.

The totalizer The totalizer is best shown in the enlarged Figures 17 and26.

The totalizer wheels 68 are rotatably mounted on a rod 250 which isrigidly held in two end portions 251 and 252 of a U-shaped frame 253, asbest shown in Figure 2. Each of these wheels 68 has around its peripheryand equally spaced, the numerals 0 to 9, as partially shown in Figures 2and 26. The uppermost numeral can be seen through opening 66 in the case64. A ten-tooth pinion 254 is an integral part of each of these wheels68 and is in constant mesh with an idler gear 255. When the idler gear255 is rotated one tooth space, the meshing ten-tooth pinion is alsoturned one tooth space, or one-tenth of a revolution, causing anothernumeral to be uppermost so that it can be seen through the opening 66. Atransfer cam 256 is an integral part of each totalizer wheel 68 and islocated on the opposite side of the wheel from the ten-tooth pinion.Seven cam engaging members or transfer pawls 257, rotatably mounted on arod 258, are in line with and at times engage the transfer cams 256. Therod 258 is mounted between the two ends 251 and 252 of the frame 253.Four spacers 259 maintain the totalizer wheels 68, the idler gears 255and the transfer pawls 257 in the proper longitudinal positions on therods 250 and 258. The rod 250 extends through suitable holes in thestationary side plates 169 and 170 and is free to move longitudinally inthese holes. A spacer 260 between the end portion 251 of the frame 253and the stationary end plate 169 limits the movement of the rod 250 andtherefore of the entire totalizer toward the left, while a compressionspring 261 between the end portion 252 of the frame 253 and thestationary end plate 170 keeps the rod 250 and therefore the entiretotalizer to the left when it is free so to move. The frame 253 andtherefore the entire totalizer assembly can rotate with the rod 250 inthe holes in the stationary end plates 169 and 170. When not otherwisemoved, the frame 253 and therefore the entire totalizer assembly isrotated clockwise by a spring 262, one end of which is attached to aprong 263 on the end portion 252 of the frame 253 while the other end ofthe spring 262 is attached to a rod 264 which is stationarily mountedbetween the two end plates 169 and 170. A roller 265 is rotatablyattached by a stud 266 to the end portion 252 of the frame 253 while asecond roller 267 is rotatably attached by a stud 268 to the end portion251 of the frame 253. These two rollers are used to rotate the frame 253and therefore the entire totalizer counterclockwise in manners whichwill be later described.

A locking bar 270 is permanently attached to a frame 271 which isrotatably mounted on the rod 264. This locking bar is essentially wedgeshaped along its lower edge, this shape being such as to snugly fit inthe space between any two adjacent teeth on the idler gears 255 whenthat space is directly above the mounting rod 258. A spring 272, havingone end attached to a prong 273 on the frame 271 and the other endattached to one of the spacers 259 on the rod 250, tends to keep thiswedgeshaped lower edge of the locking bar 270 in the spaces between twoadjacent teeth of the various idler gears 255, thereby holding them andthe totalizing wheels from turning. The two ends of the frame 271 areadjacent to the two end portions 251 and 252 of the frame 253. As aresult, when the frame 253 moves longitudinally of the rod 250, theframe 271 also moves longitudinally on its mounting rod 264 to the sameextent.

The adding cam The adding cam 242 is located adjacent to the right sideof the key support 75 and the stationary side plate 170. The form of theadding cam 242 is best shown in Figures 21 and 22. Two rollers 280 and281 engage two slots 282 and 283 respectively in the adding cam 242. Theroller 280 is rotatably attached by means of a stud 284 to the keysupport 75, while the roller 281 is rotatably attached by means of astud 285 to the stationary end plate 170. With this mounting, the addingcam is free to move forward and backward, the edges of the slots rollingon the rollers. The adding cam is normally maintained in its extremerearward position by a spring 286, one end of which is attached to aprong 287 on the adding cam 242, while the other end is attached to thestationary stud 284.

Two diagonal slots 288 and 289 in the adding cam 242 engage the tworollers 93 and 94 which are rotatably mounted on the two pins and 91 ofthe key 60. When the adding cam 242 is in its extreme rearward position,as normally maintained by the spring 286, these diagonal slots 288 and289 maintain the key in its uppermost position, as shown in Figure 21,the'two slots moving simultaneously in a horizontal directionmaintaining the+ key in a level position when this key is moved.Depressing the-{- key will obviously cause the adding cam to moveforward.

A third diagonal slot 290 in the adding cam 242 is open atits upper endand engages the roller 95 which is rotatably attached by the pin 92 tothe key 61. The key 61 is normally maintained in its uppermost positionby one of the key springs 89 as previously described. Depressing the key61 obviously causes the adding cam 242 to move forward and also causesthe key 60 to lower. Since depressing the key 61 causes the key 60 tolower at thevsame time, it is permissible to depress 'both keyssimultaneously when subtracting is desired.

The action of the adding cam 242 will be explained under the heading TheAdding Operation.

Positioning the adding racks and the subtracting gears Before theentering of any amount to be added or subtracted, all of the addingracks 131 to 136 inclusive are in their zero positions, in whichposition adding rack 131 is shown in Figure 4, being pulled forward bythe springs 1 97 against the transfer detent hooks 209. All of the Itemindicating wheels 67 have uppermost and showing through the opening 65in the case 64, and the rack carriage assembly is at its extreme rightposition. With the racks and the rack carriage so positioned, a prong291 on the rack actuator 101 is in the notch 205 of the adding rack 131.Depressing any one of the amount keys 51 to 59 inclusive causes the rackactuator 101 to move to the rear, the amount that it moves dependingupon the amount key which is depressed as previously explained under theheading The Keyboard Mechanism. Rearward movement of the rack actuator101 also causes rearward movement of the rack 131 by the same amount,less the clearance between the prong 291 and the notch 205. Assumingthat it is the 6 key 56 that is depressed, the rack actuator will moveto the rear a distance approximating the length of 6% tooth spaces ofthe gear teeth on the adding rack 131, as'previously explained. Theadding rack 131 will therefore move slightly less than this distance, orsuflicie'ntly so that six of the prongs in the notched portion 191 onthe adding rack 131 have passed the latch 192 and the adding rack 131will be held six spaces to the rear of its zero or original position bythe latch 192 when it is no longer held in position by the prong 291 ofthe rack actuator 101. I

As each adding rack 131 to 136 inclusive is moved to the rear, theauxiliary rack 188 thereon causes the counterelockwise rotation of thegear 189 meshed therewith, about the support rod 177. With thisarrangement of parts, as the teeth 190 on each adding rack move to therear, the teeth on the upper side of the gear 189 associated therewithmove forward to the same extent.

When any of the amount keys 51 M59 inclusive nears the end of itsdownward travel, its roller, such as the roller 126 on the 6 key 56,enters a vertical sectionof the slot in the rack actuator 101 which itengages, such as the slot 116 which is engaged by the roller 126, sothat during-the final movement of the amount key the rack actuator 101is prevented from moving and it in turn prevents the movement of theadding rack 131 beyond a slight amount 'due to clearance between theprong 291 and the notch 205, which is not enough to allow another prongin the notched portion 191 of the adding rack to pass the latch 192.During this last part of the amount key travel, whenthe rack actuatorand the rack are both motionless, the escapement member231 isrotatedclockwise by the downwardly extending boss 248 on the key lockout memher137, thereby allowing the rack carriage to move approximately a halfspace to the left under the influence of the spring 219. Duringthismovement to the left, the notch 205 in the adding racl; 131 isdisengaged from the prong 291 on the rack actuator, allowing the rackactuator to return forwardunder the influence of the spring 121 when theoperator releases the depressed amount key. At the same time, the amountkey is raised by the key spring 89 and by the slot, such as slot 116 inwhich the roller, such. as 126, is positioned, and the key lockoutmember 137 is-returned to its forward position by the spring 153,finally unlocking the other keys. In the early part of the forwardtravel ofthe key lockout member, the escapement member 231 returns toits original position, thereby allowing the rack carriage assembly tofurther move to the left until the right side of the prong 291 on therack actuator engages the left side of the next adding rack 132. Whenthe rack actuator has moved forward to the full extent of its travel,the prong 291 is in line with the notch 205 of the adding rack 132 sothat the rack carriage assembly now can move to the left until theextension 236 of the escapement member 231 engages the next notch 238 onthe bottom 161 of the rack carriage side plate 160, thereby preventingfurther movement of the rack carriage assembly. With the rack carriagein this position, the prong 291 is properly positioned in the notch 205of the adding rack 132 so that movement of the rack actuator 101 willcause the rack 132 to move, so adding rack 132 canbe positioned in thesame manner as was the adding rack 131, followed by the positioning ofthe adding racks 133; 134, 135, and 136, or as many thereof as isnecessary to enter the amount to be added or subtracted.

The adding operation After the necessary adding racks 131 to 136inclusive have been positioned in the manner just described, the amountwhich has been so entered in the machine can be added to the amount inthe totalizer, subtracted from the amount in the totalizer, oreliminated if incorrect. We will now assume that the amount is to beadded.

The operator depresses the key 60, thereby causing the'key'lockoutmember 137' to immediately move slightly to the rear, locking all theother keys excepting the Error key so that they cannot be depressed.Depression of the key 60 also causes the adding cam 242 to immediatelystart moving forward and to continue this forward movement during theentire downward travel of the key.

Early in the forward movement of the adding cam 242 a sloping surface295 thereon engages a roller 296 which is rotatably attached by a stud297 to an arm 298 of a rack detent holding member 299, to another arm300 of which is rotatably attached another roller 301 by means of a stud302. The rack detent'holding member 299 extends from the inner side ofthe stationary side plate 169 to the inner side of the stationary sideplate 170 and is pivotally attached to these two side plates by twostuds 303 and 304. Forward movement of the adding cam 242 thereforecauses the rack detent holding member 299 to rotate a slight amount in aclockwise direction until it assumes the position shown in Figure 22.Suitably attached to the rack detent holding member 299, as by riveting,is a multi-pronged detent 305, the number of prongs being one less thanthe number of wheels in the totalizer or, in the case of the machinebeing described,

six. This detent 305 is made of flexible material, such as thin springsteel. The prongs thereon are positioned above the six rack detents 206which detain thoseracks that may have to be used for effecting transferin a manner to be described later. At the beginning of the addingoperation the prongs of the detent 305 did not engage the rack detentsbelow them but were in the position shown in Figure 4. After the rackdetent holding member 299 has been rotated clockwise as just described,the prongs on the detent 305 engage the rack detents below them in 15the manner shown in Figure 18, causing flexing of the prongs as shown.

A rack restoring member 306 is also pivotally mounted on the studs 303and 304 which carry the rack detent holding member 299. A projection 307on the rack restoring member 306 extends under the arm 298 of the rackdetent holding member 299 so that clockwise rotation of the rackrestoring member 306 is limited by the position of the rack detentholding member 299. The clockwise rotation of the rack detent holdingmember just described therefore allows therack restoring member torotate slightly in a clockwise direction.

When the rack detent holding member 299 has completed its clockwiserotation, a sloping surface 308 of the adding cam 242 engages thercller265 which is rotatably mounted on the end portion 252 of the totalizerframe 253 and further forward movement of the adding cam 242 causescounterclockwise rotation of the totalizer frame 253 about the rod 250,thereby causing the idler gears 255 to mesh with the adding racks or thereset racks that are below them. If a six digit number has been enteredin the machine .for adding, the idler gears Will mesh with the sixadding racks 131, 132, 133, 134, 135 and 136 and with the reset rack181. If a five digit number has been entered, the adding rack 136 willnot be engaged, but the reset rack 182 will be engaged. In like manner,each decrease of one digit in the number entered causes one less addingrack and one more reset rack to be engaged by the idler gears 255, thereset racks being used for effecting transfers under certaincircumstances.

As the totalizer frame 253 is rotated so that the idler gears 255 lower,the locking bar 270 also lowers, rotating around the rod 264 under theinfluence of the spring 272 until the stud 266 attached to the frame 253engages the under side of the locking bar frame 271, by which time theidler gears 255 have started to mesh with the teeth 190 on the upperedges of the adding racks or with the teeth 204 on the upper edges ofthe reset racks. Further rotation of the totalizer frame causes the stud266 to raise the locking bar frame 271, thereby disengaging the lockingbar 270 from the idler gears 255 so that they can rotate. The variousparts are then as shown in Figures 17 and 22. Figure 17 showing theidler gear 255 is shown meshed with the teeth on the adding rack 131which has been moved back by the amount key 56 a distance ofsix spacesand is held there by the latch 192, while Figure 22 shows the stud 266engaging the locking bar frame 271.

At about the same time that the totalizer gears are being brought intoengagement with the racks below them, a roller 309 comes to the end of asurface 310 of the adding cam 242 so that further forward movement ofthe adding cam releases this roller as shown in Figure 22. This roller309 is rotatably attached by a stud 311 to an end portion 312 of afeeler bar 313 which is pivotally attached by means of two studs 314 and315 to the stationary side plates 169 and 170 respectively, the stud 315being attached to the end portion 312 of the feeler bar 313 and the stud314 to an end portion 316 of the same feeler bar. Attached to anextension 327 on the end portion 312 is a spring 317, the other end ofwhich is attached to the stationary side plate 171) (not shown inFigures 21 and 22) by means of a stud 318. This spring 317 tends torotate the feeler bar 313 in a counterclockwise direction about thestuds 314 and 315. Under the racks which the idler gears 255 engage,there is a stepped portion 319 of the feeler bar 313, the steps beingarranged with the highest step 322 at the righthand end and the lowestat the left-hand end with uniformly graduated steps between. The form ofthe stepped portion 319 of the feeler bar 313 is best shown in Figure23, which figure also indicates the position of said stepped portion 319relative to the racks and to t advancing the numerals six places.

16 totalizer idler gears 255 when the rack carriage is in its starting,or extreme right position. The relative positions of the stepped portion319 and the totalizer idler gears remains unchanged as the rack carriageis shifted to the left. When the roller 309 is released by the forwardmovement of the adding cam 242 so that the feeler bar 313 can rotatecounterclockwise under the influence of the spring 317, the highest step320 engages the lower edge 321 of the rack above it, provided that rackhas been moved out of its Zero position by the depressing of an amountkey. If, however, the rack above the step 320 is in its zero position,the step 320 will enter a notch 322 in the lower edge of the rack,allowing the feeler to rotate farther under the influence of the spring317. This rotation will continue until one of the steps engages thelower edge 321 of a rack which is out of its zero position, as one mustbe if any amount has been entered in the machine for adding orsubtracting.

As the adding cam 242 nears the end of its travel forward, a latch 323,which is pivotally mounted on the stud 315, enters a notch 324 in theadding cam 242, being rotated into that position by a spring 325, oneend of which is attached to the latch 323 and the other end to thestationary side plate (not shown in Figure 21 or 22) by means of a stud326. is in the notch 324, the adding cam cannot travel far enough to therear to disengage the idler wheels 255 on the totalizer from the racksbelow them.

After the idler gears 255 are fully engaged with the racks below them,the rack latches 192 are disengaged from the racks by means of a latchreleasing bar 329 which is pivotally attached to the stationary sideplates 169 and 171) by the two studs 314 and 315. The latch releasingbar 329 has an upwardly extending arm 330. A projection 331 on the sideof the adding cam 242 engages the arm 330 as the adding carn movesforward, causing the latch releasing bar 329 to rotate about the studs314 and 315 until the latch releasing bar 329 engages the extensions 332on the latches 192, after which further movement of the latch releasingbar will cause the latches to rotate about the rod 193 until they are nolonger in engagement with the notched portion 191 of the adding racks131 to 136 inclusive.

As soon as the latches 192 are disengaged from the adding racks, any ofthose adding racks 131 to 136 inclusive which are out of their zeropositions immediately commence to move forward under the influence oftheir springs 197, turning the idler gears 255 which are meshed withthem, which in turn rotate the totalizer wheels 68. If the amount rackhas been moved to the rear six spaces by the 6 amount key 56, as hasrack 131 shown'in Figure 17, then as this rack travels to its zero ororiginal position, it causes the totalizer wheel 68 to rotatecounterclockwise six-tenths of a revolution, If the numeral 0Wasuppermost before the rack movement began, the numeral 6 Will now beuppermost. All of the adding racks that are not in their zero ororiginal positions will move in the same way into their zero positions,where they are stopped by the rack detents 206 unless the totalizerwheel of the next lower order has passed from 9 to 0 during its forwardtravel, in which case a transfer must be effected, that is, thetotalizer wheel next to the left of the one that has passed from 9 to 0must be moved one extra space. How this is accomplished will now bedescribed.

The transfer cam 256 on each totalizer wheel has a protruding portion333 which is best shown in Figures 18 and 19. It should be noted thatthe transfer cam shown in these Figures 18 and 19 are not the onesattached to the totalizer wheels 68 shown in thosesame figures, butbelong to the next wheels to the right. With the transfer cam 256 in theposition shown in Figure 18, the wheel of which it is a part is sopositioned that when the totalizer is rotated to its original position,as

When the latch 323 shown in Figures 4 and 21, the numeral 9 will beuppermost, so that it may be seen through the opening 66 in the case 64.When the transfer cam 256 is in this position, it engages an arm 334 ofthe transfer pawl 257 but has not yet appreciably moved it, but furtherrotation in a counterclockwise direction, as would be the movement whenpassing from 9 to causes the transfer pawl 257 to rotate about the rod258 and a transversely extending portion 335 of the transfer pawl 257engages a surface 336 of the rack detent 206 and causes it to rotateclockwise about the rod 262, as shown in Figure 19, thereby raising thehook 299 on the rack detent 206 to a position approximately as shown inFigure 19. When rotated to this position, the prong of the detent 305,which has previously rested on top of a protrusion 328, now drops infront of this protrusion, preventing the return of the rack detent 206to its original position when the transfer cam 256 has progressed to apoint where it would no longer hold the rack detent in this position.With the rack detent so raised, the rack, such as 131 in Figure 19, isno longer stopped in its zero or original position by the detent but isallowed to travel one extra space, or until the end of the slot 179engages the support rod 177, as shown in Figure 20.

A downwardly extending arm 337 on each rack detent 266 assumes theposition shown in Figure 4 when the rack detent has not been rotated byone of the transfer pawls. When so positioned and when the adding orreset rack beside it is in the zero position, as shown in Figure 4, thestepped portion 319 of the feeler bar 313 can rise in the notch 322 inthe rack. If, however, the rack detent is in the released position, butthe rack has not moved forward to effect the transfer, as shown inFigure 19, then the downwardly extending arm 337 is directly over thestepped portion 319 of the feeler bar 313 so the feeler cannot rise.Movement of the rack into its extreme forward position which affects thetransfer will cause the rack detent 206 to rotate farther, due to theengagement of the hook 262 and a sloping surface 338 on the rack, sothat the rack detent assumesthe position shown in Figure 20, in whichposition the feeler is free to rise. With this arrangement, the feelercan rise if the rack is in its Zero position and the detent has not beentripped or if the detent has been tripped and the rack has moved toeffect the transfer, but the feeler cannot rise if the rack has not yetreturned to its zero position or if the rack detent has been stripped bythe transfer cam and the rack has not moved forward to effect thetransfer. The stepped arrangement is used because of the possibility ofa progressive transfer, that is a condition where the totalizer wheels68 originally show several 9s next to each other, in which casetransferring into one wheel trips the detent for the next one on theleft and so on as far as the 9's extend. By having the steppedarrangement on the feeler, the feeler first engages the rack at theextreme right of those that are being used to actuate the totalizer.That rack must be in its zero position before the feeler can engage thenext rack to the left. Of course, there can be no transfer required ofthis first rack. By the time the highest step 320 of the feeler can risein the notch 322 of the rack above it, the rack detent 206 for the rackof the next higher order will have been tripped. If this is the case andthe transfer has not been completed or if the rack has not yet moved toits zero position, the second step of the feeler will prevent the feelerfrom rising. Thus progressively the feeler tests each rack and itsattendant detent to be sure that they are all in their proper positions.

When all the racks and their attendant detents are in their properpositions, the feeler bar is allowed to rise fully and in so doing, theextension 316 thereon engages a surface 339 on the latch 323, causing itto retate about the stud 315 until the latch is free from the 18 notch324 in the adding cam 242, the feeler spring 317 being strong enough toovercome the latch spring 325. The adding cam is now free to travel tothe rear, toward its original position.

As the adding cam 242 moves to the rear, the latch releasing bar 329 isallowed to return to its original position so that the latches 192 againengage the notched portions 191 of the adding racks 131 to 136inclusive. Further movement of the adding cam causes the roller 309 onthe feeler bar 313 to be moved downward until it rides on the surface310, at which point the feeler is entirely free from all of the racksand rack detents. At about the same time that the feeler is beingretracted, the totalizer idler gears255 are being disengaged from theracks below them. Reversing the action when they were engaging theracks, the first upward movement of the idler gears allows the lockingbar 270 to lower so asto engage the idler gears 255 before they areentirely disengaged from the racks, thus keeping them in their properpositions. After the totalizer idler gears are disengaged from theracks, the rack detent holding member 299 is rotated counterclockwise,raising the detent 305 so its prongs cannot engage the protrusions 328on the rack detents 266. This counterclockwise rotation of the rackdetent holding member is caused by a sloping surface 340 which engagesthe roller 361. This counterclockwise rotation of the rack detentholding member 239 also causes counterclockwise rotation of the rackrestoring member 306 due to the projection 367 thereon which engages thelower side of the arm 2% of the rack detent holding member 299., Duringthis counterclockwise rotation of the rack restoring member 366, adownwardly projecting portion 341 engages the front ends of any rackswhich have been used for effecting a transfer and moves them to the rearsufficiently so that the rack detents 206 can return to their originalpositions, after which further movement of the adding cam 242 allows therack restoring member to rotate slightly in a clockwise direction sothat the downwardly projecting portion 341 no longer exerts pressureagainst the racks. After the racks have been restored to their originalor zero positions, the latch detent 240 which is mounted on the addingcam 242 as previously described under the heading Mechanism for Shiftingthe Rack Carriage and which is now rotated by the spring 243 so that itsheel 245 is against the'side of the adding cam 242, engages the rackcarriage latch 227 by means of the downwardly extending arm 246 andcauses the latch to rotate about the stud 223 until it is free from thenotched member 216, after which the rack carriage can return to itsoriginal position at the extreme right of its travel, under theinfluence of the spring 215. The latch 240 is held out of engagementwith the notched member 216 until the rack carriage has moved the entiredistance to the right, when the rack carriage mounting plate 162 engagesthe edge 247 of the detent and forces the detent out of engagement withthe latch 227, allowing the latch to again engage the notched member216.

While the adding cam 242 has been moving to the rear, it hasbeen causingthe key 60 to rise, which in turn has allowed the key lockout member 137to return forward under the influence of the spring 153. When the key 60has completed its rise and the key lockout member has moved all the wayto the front, the keys that have been locked so that they could not bedepressed are again released.

The subtracting operation 19 tire totalizer is shifted to the left sothat the idler gears 255 are over certain of the gears 189 instead ofbeing over certain of the adding racks 131 to 136 inclusive or of thereset racks 181 to 136 inclusive, as they were when adding.

To cause subtraction of the amount entered in the machine, the operatordepresses the key 61, which causes the adding cam 242 to move forwardand the key 60 to lower, as described under the heading The Adding Cam.The pin 92 has a head 342 which engages a sloping portion 343 of ashifting member as best shown in Figures 2 and 9. The shifting member344 has two feet 345 and 346 which extend downward into slots in thebase plate 76, as best shown in Figure 3, there being a slight clearancebetween the feet 345 and 346 and their engaging slots so that the upperportion of the shifting member 344 can freely move a slight distancetransversely of the machine, pivoting about the feet 34-5 and 346. Anextension 3% of the end portion 252 of the totalizer frame 253 has itsend extending along the outer side of the shifting member 344 as shownin Figure 3. When the spring 261 moves the totalizer frame 253 to theleft, the projection moves the upper edge-347 of the shifting member tothe left so that the sloping portion 343 is in close proximity to thehead 342 of the pin 92 when the key 61 is in its uppermost position asshown in Figure 9. Downward movement of the key 61 will almostimmediately cause the head 342 of the pin 92 to engage the surface ofthe sloping portion 34-3 of the shifting member 344 and further downwardmovement of the key will therefore cause the upper portion 347 of theshifting member to move to the right. This in turn, through theextension 343 on the totalizer frame 253 will cause the totalizer tomove to the right sufiiciently so that the totalizer idler gears 255 arevertically aligned with the gears 139 on the rack carriage, where thetotalizer will stay as long as the key 61 is depressed.

With the exception of the shifting of the totalizer as just explained,which causes the totalizer wheels to rotate in the opposite direction,the steps when subtracting are the same as when adding.

Since the totalizer wheels are rotating clockwise during subtraction,the protrusion 333 on the transfer cam 256 approaches the arm 334 of thetransfer pawl 257 from below instead of from above, as was the case whenadding. As a consequence, the protrusion 333 moves the transfer pawl asthe totalizer wheel moves from its position to its 9 position, whereaswhen adding this occurred as the totalizer wheel moved from its 9position to its "0 position. This movement of the transfer pawl 257 bythe transfer cam 256 has the same effect on the rack detent 206 whetheradding or subtracting, that is, it raises the hook 289 so as to allowthe rack otherwise detained thereby to move forward one extra space,thereby moving the totalizer wheel one extra space, causing the numeralof the next lower order, when subtracting, to be uppermost on thetotalizer wheel of the next higher order. The passing of one totalizerWheel from its 0 position to its 9 position has therefore caused thesubtraction of 1 from the next higher totalizer wheel.

The feeler bar 313 has the same action as when adding, so it willdisengage the latch 323 from the adding cam 242 as soon as all of theracks and rack detents are in their proper positions, allowing theadding cam to move back under the influence of the spring 286 which inturn allows the key 61 to rise under the influence of its key spring 89.As the key nears the top of its travel, the head 342 of the pin 92allows the upper portion 347 of the shifting member 344 to move totheleft which in turn allows the totalizer to return to its originalposition.

Correcting an error When, for any reason, the operator wishes toeliminate an amount which has been entered in the machine by means ofthe amount keys without having the totalizer affected, this isaccomplished. by depressing the Error key 62. The pin 93 in the Errorkey engages the top edge of a lever 349 which is pivotally attached tothe key support 71 by a stud 353. A lower portion 351 of the lever 349engages the front end of a bar 352 which rests on the base plate 76. Therear end of the bar 352 engages an arm 353 which is a part of the latchreleasing bar 329. The bar 352 has a notch 354 therein, as best shown inFigure 13, into which extends the lower end of an arm 355 which is apart of a transverse member 356. The tr no member 356 is pivotallymounted on two studs 55 and 353, the stud 357 being permanently attachedto a portion of the key support 71 while the stud 358 is permanentlyattached to a portion of the key support 75. On the opposite end of thetransverse member from that on which is located the arm 355 is a secondarm 359, the lower end of which extends into the plane of the rackcarriage latch 227 as shown in Figure 13. A spring 364 has its lower endattached to the lever 349 and its upper end attached to a stationarystud 361 which is attached to the key support 71. This spring 360maintains constant engagement between the pin 93 and the lever 349 andwill cause the Error key to rise when it is free to do so.

Depressing the Error key 62 causes the counterclockwise rotation of thelever 349 about the stud 350 so that the lower portion 351 of the leverpushes the bar 352 to the rear which in turn pushes the arm 353 of thelatch releasing bar 329' to the rear, causing the latch releasing bar torotate counterclockwise about the studs 3M and 315 so that the latchreleasing bar 329 engages the extensions 332 on the rack latches 192 andreleases the latches from the notched portions 191 of the adding racks131 to 1136 inclusive, allowing these racks to return to their originalor Zero positions. The rearward movement of the bar 352 also causes thecounterclockwise rotation of the transverse member 356 about the studs357 and 358, since the lower end of the arm 355 is in the notch 35% andtherefore moves when the bar 352 moves. Rearward movement of the lowerend of the arm 355 also causes rearward movement of the arm 359 of thetransverse member 356, therefore, when the bar 352 is moved to the rear,the lower end of the arm 359 engages the rack carriage latch 227 androtates it about the stud 223 until it is no longer in engagement withthe notched member 216. The rack carriage can now return to the right.Assuming that the rack carriage is not at its extreme right positionwhen the Error key is depressed, the latch detent 240, which is mountedon the adding cam 242, will have been rotated about its stud 241 by thespring 244 as far as it can go and will be in the position shown inFigure 24. The downwardly extending arm 246 on the latch detent 240 willtherefore hold the latch 227 out of engagement with the notched member216 until the rack carriage has returned to its extreme right position.The depressing of the Error key 62 has therefore caused all of thedisplaced amount racks 133 to 136 inclusive to return to their originalpositions and has caused the rack carriage assembly to return to itsoriginal position and the machine is in exactly the same condition as itwas in before the last amount was entered by means of the amount keys.

Principles used in clearing the totalizer The totalizer is cleared (allwheels returned to zero) by (1) moving the reset racks to the extremerear, (2) en gaging the totalizer idler gears with the rack carriagegears that are meshed with the reset racks and which are used whensubtracting, (3) allowing the reset racks to be moved forward by theirsprings until the protrusions on the transfer cams engage the transferpawls, at which time the totalizer wheels will be at Zero, (4) stoppingthe rotation of the wheels at this point, (5) disengaging and lockingthe idler gears, and (6) allowing the reset racks to return to theiroriginal positions,

The clearing operation When it is desired to clear the totalizer so thatall its Wheels 68 will register 0, the operator depresses the Clear key63. When the Clear key 63 is depressed, the first'downwa'rd movementthereof causes the key lockout member 137 to move to the rear because ofthe action of the pin 96 of the Clear key in the slot 154 of the keylockout member. This rearward movement of the key lockout memberprevents the depressing of any of the other keys with the exception ofthe Error key 62.

The roller 97 which is rotatably mounted on the pin 96 in the Clear" key63 engages a sloping edge 365 of a clearing cam 366 best shown inFigures 27 and 28. This clearing cam 366 has two horizontal slots whichengage two rollers 369 and 370 respectively. The roller 369 is rotatablymounted on the stud 350 which is secured to the key support 71, whilethe roller 370 is rotatably mounted on a stud 371 which is secured tothe stationary side plate 169. A spring 372 has one end attached to anextension 373 on the clearing cam 366 and the other end attached to astud 374 secured to the stationary side plate 169. The clearing cam 366will therefore be moved forward, guided by the rollers 369 and 370,unless such movement is prevented otherwise.

Depressing the Clear key 63 causes the clearing cam 366 to be moved tothe rear by the action of the roller 97 on the sloping edge 365. Veryearly in the rearward travel of the clearing cam 366, a roller 375,which is rotatably attached to the rack restoring member 306 by means ofa stud 376, is engaged by a vertical edge 377 of a restorer actuatingarm 378. This restorer actuating arm 378 is pivotally attached by meansof a stud 379 to the clearing cam 366 and is normally rotated in aclockwise direction about the stud 379 by a spring 380, one end of whichis attached to the restorer actuating arm and the other end of which isattached to a stop member 381 which is pivotally attached to theclearing cam 366 by means of a stud 382. When the clearing cam 366 is inits extreme forward position, as shown in Figure 27, the clockwiserotation of the restorer actuating arm 373 is limited by the engagementof the bottom of a notch 383 therein with the roller 375. When therestorer actuating arm is in this position, a lip 384 thereon engages aledge 385 on a detent 386 which is pivotally attached to the clearingcam 366 by the stud 382. A transverse extension 387 on the stop member381 engages the front edge of the detent 386 so that clockwise rotationof the stop member, induced by the spring 380, also causes clockwiserotation of the detent 386, both the stop member and the detent rotatingabout the stud 382. When free to do so,

the detent will therefore rotate until the ledge 385 thereon is underthe lip 384 of the restorer actuating arm 378, preventing the downwardmovement of that portion of the restorer actuating arm.

After the vertical edge 377 of the restorer actuating arm 378 engagesthe roller 375, further rearward movement of the clearing cam 366 causesthe counterclockwise rotation of the rack restoring member 306 about thestuds 303 and 304 until the roller 375 rides on the horizontal upperedge 388 of the restorer actuating arm 378, as shown in Figure 28, afterwhich further movement of the clearing cam 366 to the rear will cause nofurther counterclockwise rotation of the rack restoring member 306.During the counterclockwise rotation of the rack restoring member 306,the downwardly projecting portion 341 engages the front edges of thereset racks 181 to 187 inclusive and moves them rearward to the fullextent of their travel.

At the same time that the rack restoring member 306 is being rotatedcounterclockwise, a sloping slot 389 in the clearing cam 366, engaging atransverse extension 390 on a transfer pawl stop 391, causes thetransfer pawl stop 391 to rotate about two studs 392 and 393, which aresecured respectively to the stationary side plates 169 and 170, untilthe transverse extension 390 rides on the horizontal upper edge 394 ofthe clearing cam 366, as shown in Figure 28. This raises the transferpawl stop 391 from the position shown in Figures 17, 18 and 19 to theposition shown in Figures 30 and 31. Each transfer pawl 257 has a spring395 mounted thereon, of which one end 396 engages the upper edge of thetransfer pawl stop 391 while the other end 397 extends across the frontedge of an arm 398 on the transfer pawl 257. This spring therefore tendsto rotate the transfer pawl 257 clockwise about the rod 258 untilstopped by the engagement of some part of the arm 398 on the transferpawl 257 with the front of the locking bar 270.

When the transfer pawl stop 391 is rotated clockwise, an arm 406 on thetransfer pawl stop engages the sloping edge of a transverse extension402 on the shifting member 344 so that further rotation of the transferpawl stop causes the upper portion 347 of the shifting member to move tothe right, thereby shifting the totalizer so that.

its idler gears 255 are vertically aligned with the gears 189 that meshwith the reset racks 181 to 187 inclusive. This shifting of thetotalizer is the same as is used when subtracting from the totalizer.

After the rearward movement of the reset racks andthe rotation of thetransfer pawl stop have been completed, further rearward movement of theclearing cam 366 causes a sloping edge 403 thereon to engage the roller267 which is rotatably secured to the totalizer frame 253 by the stud268 and still further movement to the rear of the clearing cam causesthe totalizer to be rotated counterclockwise so that its idler gears 255mesh with those gears 189 of the rack carriage which are directlybeneath them. The locking bar 270 stays in engagement with the idlergears 255 until they start to mesh with the gears 189, after which thelocking bar rises to release the idler gears. This action was fullydescribed under the heading The Adding Operation. When the idler gears255 are fully meshed with the gears 189, the springs 395 on the transferpawls 257 cause the transfer pawls to rotate clockwise about the rod 258until a step 404 on each transfer pawl is beneath the locking bar 270 asshown in Figure 30. If, however, any totalizer wheel is in its zeroposition, then its transfer cam 256 will hold the transfer pawl in theposition shown in Figure 31, in which position the step 404 does notengage the lower edge of the locking bar 270. When a totalizer wheel andits transfer pawl are in the positions just described and shown inFigure 31, the front edge of the arm 398 of the transfer pawl is inengagement with the upper edge of the transfer pawl stop 391, as shownin Figure 31, thereby preventing further counterclockwise rotation ofthe transfer pawl. Since the transfer pawl cannot turn counterclockwise,the engagement of the arm 334 of the transfer pawl and the protrudingportion 333 of the transfer cam prevents the totalizer wheel 68 of whichthis transfer cam is a part, from turning in a clockwise direction, soit is held in its zero position. If any one or more of the totalizerwheels is out of its zero position, the transfer pawls associatedtherewith will be rotated by the springs 395 so that the steps 404thereon are beneath the locking bar 270, thereby holding the totalizeridler gears 255 in engagement with the gears 189 on the rack carriage.

At this stage in the rearward movement of the clearing cam 366, the camand the parts which it engages are in the positions shown in Figure 28.As the clearing cam 366 has moved to the rear,.the upper end of the stopmember 381 has passed several downward projections 410 on a stationarymember 411. The spring 380 rotates the stop member about the pivot 382so that the end of the stop member remains in engagement with thestationary member 411. This being the case, if the operator releases theClear key 63 when the clear cam has been moved only partially to therear, the clear cam cannot

